PUTE PATE IN KOI TENG A ZUI HIAM?*

1.    **Tibet Gam pan kipan:*

 Pute pate pen Tibet gam sungah a om lai un, ki khual om nailo uh aa, inn  leh lo nangawn zong bawl lo-in leihoih gam zon lai ding a {jcomments on}

sawm uh hi. Tua  ahih manin sing hawm, suang hawm a muh peuhpeuh uh beelin omlel uh hi. Tua  lei hawm suang hawmte *“khul”* kici hi. Tua hun lai in a suak, a piang zong  om aa, a nung ciangin, khul a suak, khul a piang tuate naci uh hi.

 Kawlgam khuangah, Kawlgam sung zuan ding in a ki pat cil lai un Kachin leh Kawl tawh ki bangin a om khawm lai uh hi. A ki pat khiat uh ciangin Kawlte  a tuam in paikhia pah uh hi. Ipu ipate, Kachinte tawh tawlkhat tonkhawm  uh-a tua khit ciangin ‘Nisuahna lam nawt in pial uh aa, tu hun-in Kachin  gam sung tengah ki theh thang uh hi.

 Khangluite in agen uh ciangin Kachinte pai masa uh-a amau nung ah ei’ i zui  hi. Amau pialna thei nawnlo in mailam nawt in ki paisuak hi. Lampi ah  nahtaang a na bantante uh a laingeek na dawkto kik khin-a, sanggamte tawh  gamlapi kihal khinta ni, ci-in delh ding na sawm nawnlo uh ahih manin a ki  khenkhia kha ihi hi, naci uh hi.

 *2.    **Tuikang Dung Zui*

 Tuikang dung a cih *“Chinduin gun”* dung hi. I pu ipate pen tua gun dung  zui in a khang a sim in na teeng suksuk uh hi. A sawt ciangin  *KHAWHKHEN*tung uh hi. Khawhkhen a khiatna pen pawlkhat in  *“Gun tawbing”* naci uh hi. Tu hun in *“Gun Khawm”* i ci hi.
 *3.    **Khawhkhen Nusia*

 Khawhkhen panin pawlkhat in guntaw lam zanglei nazuan suk uh aa, pawlkhat  in Khawizang lam nazuan uh hi. Khawlzang a cih pen tuhun aa Kawlpi i cih  hi. Kalay kabaw kuam khempeuh dimin teng uh hi. “Khul” sunga a teenna uh  hita leh “Khawh khen” aa a teenna uh hita leh, “Khawl zanga a teenna uh hi  taleh a phuisam kammalte in hong theisak hi.
 *4.    **Phuisam Kammal*
 Khimpi zin ni, Khapi kiat ni *Khawhkhen* ah *Khawlzang* ah, Micin, sacin ki  khawl nung, Tungpi suah ni, Ka pi Neem nikpi, Na nik san hong hai ta teh,  Na nik san la-a na paikik leh, Vanu Khulpi hong khupnelh ta teh, Khul  vangah hong suakta teh, Dawi in, kau in ong piang teh, Gan tual ngo zong in  kuan teh, Na tuah mawh ciang hi (pa) guh teep teh, Na gan tual ngo zon hi  (pa) guh teep ken, Na gan tual ngo zo um nga ta, Na khua zuan in na tui  zuan in, A tong a lam ding hong ngak lah hi.

 *5.    **Khawlzang pan Pawl Li ki suah*

 Khawhkhen lah Khawlzang kikaal pan guntaw lam a zui suakte pawl in, Pakokku  gam Yaw-nee, Gangaw nawksuk in, pawlkhat pai suaksuk, pawlkhat kham lamah  na kahtoin kanpalet, Mindat Paletwa gam tengna kithehthang uh hi. A pai  suak lai tengin, Minbu, Thayet, Prome, Henzada sung tengah na ki thehthang  uh hi. Kawlzang pan, pawlkhat in gundung zui in Locom ah ki busa uh aa, tua  panin Phalam, Khalkha gam sung ki thehthang uh hi. Pawlkhat in Nahtang lui  zui-in, Ciimnuai ah na ki busa uh hi.
 *6.    **Ciimnuai pan Kikhenna*
 Pawlkhat Ciimnuai panin pai khia aa Meitei gun dung zui toto in India gam,  Aizawl, Agartala, Silchar, Haflong Imphal tengh ki theh thang in ki teeng  hi.

 Ciimnuai ah a om lai tengin zong damdam in mun leh gam a zong uh aa a  pawlpawl in a ki khen leuleu uh hi. Pawlkhat in Saizang ah khua sat in  Saizang mi na kici uh hi. Pawlkhat in Bualtung teipona zang ah khua nasat  uh aa Teizang mi naci uh hi. Pawlkhat in Luikaa ah khua satin paisuk uh aa  Sukte naci uh hi. Pawlkhat in Dimpi ah khua nasat uh aa Dimmi naci uh hi.  Mi a tam zawdeuh ciangin khua a tuamtuam ah na ki khenkhen uh hi.

 *KHANGLUI MITE GENNA TUAMTUAM*
 *1.    **U Sein Nyo genna:*
 Sagaing lei Nisuahna lam mun khat ah tanglai aa ZOMIte teengna khua khat om  hi. “Ni dang lai in hih mun ah, “Pu Cihn” kici ZOMI khat teeng aa ama min  pua in “Chin Yaw” ki ci hi.
 *2.    **U Khin Mg Than genna:*
 “Sathung khawtaw lam zotui kang bul ah nidang lai in ZOMI te teeng hi cihna  mualsuang om hi. Tua mualsuang tungah Minye Kyaw Swa a khan lai in hih  mun-a a teeng ZOMI te a simkhakna thu a kum leh a ni, a kha mantakin ki at  hi” a ci hi.
 *3.    **Khan Tin Zam genna:*
 “Sathung khua ah tang lai pute pate tual biakna zong om hi. Tua mun ah pai  in leito leh hanvut bekbek omlai hi. Tua khua mei in kangtum maw, galte in  sim aa khua ki haltum maw khat zawzaw hi ding hi. Tua mun ah ZOMI te na zat  tampi tu dongin kimu thei lai hi. Tua tham loin tual biakna *(Chin  Phaya)*ki ci om hi” a ci hi.

 *4.    **U Daung genna:*
 “Ka neu lai-in Chin Phaya kiim leh paam pen gammang tulak hi. Singkungte  lian thei mahmah hi. Hi mun ah Chin Phaya sim loh Sibani khua bang ki  satnai dek lo hi. Chin Phaya pen tong 9 saang hi. Ka nau lai in hi mun ah  bawngcing leh vasa beengin ka pai zel hi” a ci hi.

 *5.    **U Hla Paing genna:*
 “Kinwon Myinkyi zong ZOMI hi. Amah pen Mintainpin khua mi hi. Mindonminte  unau a ki lemloh uh ciangin, U Chin in Mindonmin leh Kanaungmin, Paganminte  a suamlup ma-in Shwebo ah taipih hi. U Chin makaihna tawh Mindonmin leh  Kanaungminte unau in a U inn luahpipa sim in a zawh ciangin Mindonmin pen  Kumpi suak hi. Mindonmin in U Chin tungah lungdam mahmah in, U Chin ci nawn  lo-in U Kaung naci hi. A teenna khuamin zong Mungdaingpen kici pen laih in  Mintaingpin kici hi. Tua ZOMI ahi U Kaung (U Chin) pen Kawlgam sung panin  Italy leh France ah a masa pen Ambassador (tan-amat) ahi hi.

 *6.    **Sir George Scott. KCIE, genna:* 
 The “Chin” called themselves “Zho or Jou or Shu or Yo…” na ci hi.

 *7.    **Carey and Tuck genna:*
 … “Chins” … that name … the Chinese “Chin” meaning “Man.” The “Northern  Chins” called themselves “Yo (Jo)” or “Zo.”
 *8.    **Dr. H. Vum Kho Hau genna:*
 “To be called *“Man”* has been the aim of every race, hence the name  *“Chin”  * perhaps stuck for decades in documents and in official use but in resent  times when Christianity had spread, the more common and general name of *  “ZOMI”* began to be generally used ……which the people called themselves may  be permanently used once and for all” na ci hi.

          “…Chins who have migrated into Burma from the Tibetan  Plateau…down to Gape Negrais ……There were Chin Levies in the Armies of King  Bayinnaung of Toungoo (1551-1581) and of Alaungphaya of Ava (1752-1760). ……  Many Chins living in the Pakokku, Thayetmyo, Prome and Henzada districts  have become Burmanised. (Report of the Frontier Areas Committee of  Enquiry–1947.)

         “The ZOMI Innkuan Laibu (History of the ZOMI Family) is the result of (25) years research……” The Author.
 ZOMI INNKUAN LAIBU (J.G Z Tawng, Naulak; December 30th 1973)
 A Kaikhawm,

           Sia Mangpu
 Malaysia.

Pipute Biakna Leh Sakhua - II

Thanghou leh Liandou te unau I gen khinta, himahleh Lal thupi Lersia a hong thupi khiakdan gentel poimoh hi. Thaisimi in sial hau mahmah chihthu Lersia in theikhia a sialpi hoihtakmai leikhia hi, lampi ah paihoih theilou a, phuisam zenin paipih hi:

 “ Sial pai in, Thaisimi sial pai in, nunglam ah meivom a kai e, mailam ah ngoumei a vak e, nunglam ah gal a om e, malam ah len`khawm thawm a ging e, huai sih in hon khen e, huai sih in hon sam e, Ka sial pai in, Thaisimi sial talpak pai in”, chi`n a paipihthei chi uhi.

 Sial a kaih chiang un, “nunglam ah kamkei a om e”, chi ua pai zel ahi chi uhi. Lersia in huai sialpi a neih apat hong hausa a, Liando leh Thanghou te unau in huai sialpi mah hausak pih uhi kichi hi.

Ton/Thangsuah/Thangchhuah/Chawng:  Pipute danin Ton kichi thupi kisakna lel hilou hial hi, amautawk a ahihtheih tungnungpen uh (social service towards humanity), nasephoih a vualzawlna muh kilam-etna ahi hi. Tong masapen a chiamteh bel DAHPA hi a, a ton la,

“Ka ton khuang aw thang zawm zel aw e
Ka han khuang aw thang zawm aw

Ton khuang leh hankhuang thuah ta`ng e
Mual I hem a thang hi`g e”

Lersia a thupii mahmah ziakin Chawng/Tong/Thangsuah a, hichi`n la sa uhi:

 “ Lersia chawng mata, Vanlaizawl a chawng mata, ho, ho, ho”.

 “ Pha dimdi e, pha dim dim e, ka hmawngzawl lo pha dim dim e, Mim leh zuchang a lawina, ho, ho, ho”.

“Suai hnuai ah vangkhua ka siam, A khua kipin ai ruan e, Suangsapui a rang ka thah, Ka do cheng hnuaisiah ing e, ho, ho, ho”.

Huchimah bangin Liandou leh Thanghou te unau leng a hauhsak mahmah ziak un Tong uhi. A ton la uh:

“ Lamli leh lamtual ah aw                                          
Setang pal sialsial leng e
A sa niang in pal leng e
Guhsa niang in pal leng aw e

Ninu`n tang lam di`n honsawl e

Dumpuan ngawng ah ka bang hi e

Ka sak leh ka khang hong en ve ua

Dai a khuva tawn ka bang hi e

Thanghou in dialsan hong khim hen la

Liandou in dialvom hong khim hen aw

Liandou in dialvom hong khim hen aw

Ninu tual ah tang honglam ve aw

A mi kilel kilel a e

Michih lai ah hau I ta mah tungnung e

A va kilel kilel e

Vachih lai ah zangphualva mah tungnung e

Thanghou Liandou dousen sangah

Khuakim kai e miza lungkai e

Khuakim kai e miza lungkai

Zatam lai ah lawi bang thang nah e”

Pipute hunlai in gallu la ua, sai, sahang, zangsial, vompi, ngalkhaat, leh sa lauhuai (mihing that thei) mat kidem uhi. A man-tam theithei te vualtungtuanna hun hi a, mihangsan suaksak uhi. Khosakna ah lohching diak om ua, huaite zong thupi kisa ua, mihangsan leh khosa theite Chawng/Tong/Thangsuah thei uhi. Khovel khosakna ah, kidemna thupipen suak a, mihingpihte tung a kisialna bek hilou in niang leh tai a nopbawlna hun hi a, charity nasep thupi mahmah khat ahi hi (a thawn a khosung mipite leh khoki`m khokiang a mihing om tengteng zu leh sa a ni tamkuam tak vaakna). A poimoh pen bel, sihnung chiang a thupitak a pialgal luttheihna ding ngaihsutna ahizaw hi. Pialgal a misikhua ah niang leh tai in omthei ding in ki-um uhi, tuaziak ahi, a hinkhua ua hichituktel a nesep a hahkat nasan uh, leh galhang, galhat, gamsa lauhuai mantamtu hihding a kidem maimah uh. Galmat, salmat, leh gamsa thahsa tengteng toh pialgal lut nainai a, sa leh gal lakte tengteng pialgal ah nasemtu muanhuai suak ding ua, nek-tak tasamlou hial ding ua, thupitak a sihnung nasan a khosak ding bel telhuai mahmah ding mah zaw ahi ve. Ton dan tuamtuam nei ua, ni sagih sung vingveng tong zoute bel thupi kisa hial uhi, sial sawm a tong, sial sawmnga a tong, sial za a tong chihkhong a kidemna thupipen pen uh ahi hi. Thawmte Mangum sial sawmnga in tong a, Kamhau Sukte sial sawmnga in tong a, Mangsum Guite sial sawmnga in tong hi. Pawite ton dan, Paite Ton dan, Lusei Ton dan, Ralte Ton dan, Thadou Ton dan, Vaiphei Ton dan etc. chituamtuam omsak uhi. Nihvei, thumvei Tong zou zong om uh chihdan ahi.

PAWL KUT: Pipute Kawbaw Valley vel (Khampat leh Kale-gunkhawn) ah a om lai un kum thum sung sing/thing/tree kial a tung ngei hi (singkung tengteng keu gaivek), nek leh tak ding om mahmah louhial a, tampitak in sihna tuak ua, haksatak in hinkhua zang uhi. Kum thum zoh in, sing-kial (famine) hong bei a, khosakna pangngai pankhethak theinawn hamham uhi. Tua kum in buh leh baal haupeetmah ua, ui, ak leh vok zong neithak siausiau uhi. Khuazi`m pathian` vualzawlna ahi chi uhi. Huchituk tel a haksatna paikhengsan thei a hon bawl, buh leh baal, leh sabeu lianlian nethei lai dia hon siampa tung ah kipahthu gen ni chi ua, PAWL KUT/SIKPUI RUOI/KHAWDO PAWI/CHAVANG KUT nasatak in bawl uhi. A kipat tung in bel, tangval hoklak te`n sakuh kua bawl ua, buhpawl toh sakuh kua ah lut zungzung ua, a tawng ah sabeu koih uhi, sabeu kituh in sakuh kua ah lut kutkut sek ua, putek zukham nasan lut kutkut sek uhi, hun hongpaizel ah KUT chih hong piangsuah hial a, pawltlak lai ahih toh pawl zang a kimawlna ahiziak in PAWL KUT chih hong piangdok hi. Hiai ni nopbawlna ni hi a, khosung mipi tengteng in ann nekhawm ua, migenthei, meithai, tagah, leh daikilkar a mite nasan in nuamtakin hun zang thei uhi. A neideuh te`n vok khong gou ua, khekleh theithe sek uhi. I zatdan kibang sipsip kei mahleh, misisate suunna hun le hi a, khawnawl lam ah hanmual ah, sa, buh, sang, aktui, leh thil dangdang tawi in kuan supsup sek uhi. Paite te khuado Kut bawldan pen khunkhaan mahmah leuleu a, a phuisam la te uh hiai dan ahi:

“Do na lingling, do na ling ling e, gual in kum khua do na lingling e,

Gual in kum khua do na ling ling e, do han ah nau bang va kap tang e,

Kum kikhen e, solkha dang e, zi`n in a vang khua zong  hen aw,

Ziin in a vangkhua zong hen aw, sian sung tui bang siang  heh aw,

Tu kawl tawi kum khua in khen a, Ningzu khum lai aisa  aw e,

Ningzu khum lai aisa aw e, Khan kumsawt chiam lai leng e.

 “Patian phaza awi hi’ng, upa awi hi’ng, khua awi hi’ng,

 Tui awi hi’ng, sikdam phadam a ka lak hi,

Taang aw hong in, miim aw hong in,

Namtom namsau khuplah hong in,

Tuilu tuitaw khuplah hong in,

Ka bansak ka ban kon hong lai hi,

Ka bem sak  bem khang hong lai hi”.

Dawi/kau hawlkhiakna zong nei ua hichidan in phuisam uhi:

“Dawi hang kau hang nam hang aw,

 na zun na ek nam sia,Na ni na kha ching ta,

na zi na ta te’n hong lametna sawt ta,

 Na inn na lo zuan in”

CHAPCHAR KUT: Pipute hun in pawl kut zoh in lou mun ding ngaihven in kithoi pah vitvit ua, louvaat in gamgiak ua, sawtpipi nasem in gamlak ah hunzang bei uhi. Zum leh hiam kar ah naasem ua, sihtheihna dinmun tampitak palsuah uhi. Lou mun pen khua apat gamla kuamtak hitangpi a, gamgiakte damtak a hongtung thei bel kipahhuai mah ahi hi. A kipatna bel, Suaithang Kolni lal lai in sabeng ding a gamvakte lohsam ua, khase hial uhi. Lal in hehpih mahmah a, nek ding vok gou a, zu leh sa pia hi, sabeng lohchin hun sangin nuamsa zaw maimah ua, zaankhua in lam dupdup uhi. Hiai hun pen kumteng in pathian kiang a kipahthu genna danin hunnuam zang zelzel ua, hanmual vehna nei ua, misisate kiang ah sa, sang, buh, aktui leh adanng dang puaksek uhi. Lusei te`n chai lam achih uh suakdok hial hi.

SA-AIH LEH GAL-AIH: Kum 1890 tan in I pipu te`n gallu a lak chiang leh Galmat/salmat a neih chiang u`n Gal-aih bawl ua kisial thei ngial uhi,

“Simbu in builu gun gal ah kaipih ta, Simbu lal thah kei lal thah, Khuamual ah lu suang ing.

Lal I thah kua pat a hiam aw, Simbu lalta pat hi e, Simbu lalta pat hi e, pengpetlet lal thah hi e,

Simbu laltan lal a thah leh, lalkung ah hanzai san, milai ta pan lal ka thah leh suangmual ah hanzial san.”.

“Phu lang e,…chin aw, Na batphu lang e, Mual chin sang ah Khavang zin bang ko ing e, Lenlai ka tung nung e….”.

Gamsa lauhuai humpi, sahang leh a dangdang a mat chiang u`n kisial thei mahmah ua, a samat uh azir in Hanla sa uhi:

“ Ngal liang e, tangin ka lungtup e, Zonun ah tui   bang ka la hi e,

  Vanlai khua phelep bang e, vanlai khua te’ bang e

   Ka nu aw hong muak aw, ka pa aw hong muak   aw”.
 
“Phu lang e,…chin aw, Na batphu lang e, Mual chin sang ah Khavang zin bang ko ing e, Lenlai ka tung nung e”.

 “ Valpan e…ka than nan e, Tuallian sanglian ka zo nan e, kawlkei sanglian kai ing e, Ka tun ei tawi e”.

“Phualva mei bang ka an e, Ka zua’n ei tawi e, sa kamkei lai ka tan e,

Kawl kei e..ka than na`n e, Tual a num khuang at ling ai e”

“Ka thang e, kawlciang ka tawi e, Ka kawlciang tawi gia bang atang e,

Ka kuan lam in e, Lummei a kai chiichiai e, Ka chiah lamin e, Len tawm a ging dimdim e”

“ Lungsa nu hi e, lungsa pa hi, hong tum e, Thang mualpi  tawh kim hi e,  Kawl chiang khat a pham hi e,

Huisai a cih mualpi tawh kim kawlciang khata pham aw e,

Kamkei a cih se al bang pawl aw e, suul a leh ngam omlo e,

 Al khuan e, lenli kai zo lei-ah a sa thang sawn ka tun e,

 Tung salian hi e, tung mul hi e, tum phang lian hi e,

 Zanga phai dawn ngek tep e, tuldawn heisa eng abang hi  e

Zuk phu lunglang e, salang ka beng chiang e, lungsa lian e, tung aw sang luang kakaih nak e”

 
“Ka tun in e, hong tawi e, phualva mei bang ka an e, ka zua pan e, sa kamkei lai ka tan e,

Va la tang e va laang e, kamkei na gial va laang e,

Kamkei na gial va laang e, na gial sangsawn va laang e

Kamkei laang e, sawlsa nuai-ah a laan gel ching man lo e,

Kei pawh laang ing, sunni nuai-ah sangkop tu bang vai ing e”

 “Khua lun e, lung sa lian e, zuk phu lu lang e,

Tang in e,  salung ka beng chiai e,

Ka tun hong tawi e, zang phual mei bang ka an e,

Kka zuan hong awi e, kamkei gial lai ka tan e”

Thau ginthei teng in gin dupdup ua, a phungmin uh leh a suangtute min aban aban in samsuk samtou zialzial sek uhi. Bang hanga hiadan chiing ahi ua , ichih leh, thupina hi a, a sakhuana/biakna uh toh kizawitawn mahmah leuileu hi. Sa mat, sa aih, gal mat, gal aih tengteng a siahloh ding uh hi laizang inchin, pialgal a misikhua ah, niang leh tai in khosa ding u`n ki-um uhi.

DAWI LEH KAU THAWI: I pipu te`n muhtheihlouh khaa gingta ua, dawi chituamtuam gingta ua, thawi lungdam sawm ua, bia uhi. Dawimangpa pen Lungzai le chi ua, tangthu kumluite ah, Pathian leh Lungzai kihousak ua, “sa liam gumzaw ding maw, Mi liam. Sa liam in mual ah a tuahleh mual ah ne loplop, guam ah a tuah leh guam ah ne loplop, Mi liam mah gum ni”, chi uhi. Pathian pen itna leh zahtakna toh bia ua, dawi leh kau bel lau leh li`ng kawm in thawidam sawm zaw uhi. Dawi chituamtuam nei uhi, gamhuai, gamkaupi, sikha, dawisekawngkang, pheisam, khuavang, Lasi, Ngoi-ok etc. Gam lak, kawlken lak, leikawhawm sung, suangnuai, sih lak, mualsang tung, tuili nuai, inn nuai, sumtawng, lou mun, singkung, gampi etc. ah dawite teeng danin thei uhi, tuaziak mah ahi, damlou a om chiang un, dawi keih chi ua, inndawi maw, gamdawi maw, chinak-khem uhi.

Dawi leh kau thawidamna ding in Siampu kibawl ua khosung leh gamsung ah zahtaak penpen lawi ahi uhi. Vaantaang zattheih dingin “TUAL SIAMPU” (community priest), beh sung ah TULPI (clan priest), leh innsung Siampu (household priest) nei uhi. Siampute`n, siah, buhsun, saliang, nasep (social work) awl uhi.

Pusa thoih: Innsung kithoihna ahi, sumtawng kithoihna ban ah pusa kithoihna pen Paite te kia hilou in Zosuante khempeuh in hihchiat uhi. Vok mahni vulh ngekngek kizangthei lel a, behsung a Tuulpi kia in hia kithoihna saithei hi. Siampu in innsung innnuai teng ah phuisam kawm in pai kualkual a, tanupi in zubel toh a nung zui hi, a phuisam kawm in zu tui phih suihsuih zel a, a kisam a omleh tanupi a panpih dia mansa ahi hi. Innsung ah ludam chidam a pian nang, buh leh baal hauhna ding a, vualzawlna ngetna dan ahi hi. Pipute leh hon sihsante suunna leh suklungdamna dan ahi, a hon vualzawl ding uh deihna ahi.

(Hunsak phot ni, sutzop ding in)

Zogam Tangthu A Tomin

Zogam (Chin Hills) pen a leitang tai patle 13,902 hi a, mihing pen 1974 kumin 354,000 pha dingin ki-ummawh hi. A gam buppi pen township 9 kisuah a, Tiddim, Tonzang, Falam,

Thlantlang, Haka, Matupi, Paletwa, Mindat leh Kanpetlet kici a, Township Officer khat ta in uk hi.

Thangmual (Fortwhite), Inbuk, Bawipa, Lunmual, Awtaraw leh Khonu kicite mual minthangte hi a, lui min nei deuh pen, Gun, Ciau, Bawinu, Lemro, Mata leh Mong kicite hi. Lih pen bual lian pen hi.

Ki-ukna:
Tang laiin Zogam pen kuama khut nuaiah om loin Zomite amau leh amau ki-uk hi. 1896 kumin Mikang kumpi in ana tawh la-in, India leh Kawlgam pen gam khatin uk khawm uh hi. 1948 kum a Kawlgam in suahtakna a ngah ciangin Zogam pen Chin Special Division kici-in a uk Zumpi pen Chin Affairs Council kici hi. 1974 kumin Zomitein State ngah uh a, Zogam pen Chin State kici a, Zo Zumpi pen Chin States People’s Council kici Zo Zumpi pen amasa in Rangoon ah om hi. Tua panin Kawlpi (Kalemyo) ah kisuan a, tua pan tawl khat khit ciangin Haka khua ah kikhin kik a, tu takin tua lai munah om hi.

Biakna:
1. Khanglui Biakna: Ni dang laiin Zomite in dawi leh kau, sing leh suang bia uh hi. Mual leh guamte kihta in vokno akno tawh kithoi uh hi. Dawi nam tampi inn dawi, gam dawi a bia uh hi. Hih bang biakna pen Mikang pau-in Animism kici a, leitung mi khempeuh phial in tanglai in tua bang upna leh biakna a nei uh hi. Kawlte in zong Buddha biakna a zuih ma un hih bang khanglui biakna mah zui hi dingin ki-ummawh hi.

2. Pau Cin Hau Biakna: 1900 pawl ciangin gan tawh kithoih dawi biakna phiatin Pasian khat om hi ci-in upna biakna thak khat Pau Cin Hau in phuan hi. Tua biakna thak pen kibawl phain tu-a Zogam sung bekah hi loin Manipur leh Aizawl gam Zomite tenna dong in kizel man hi. Pau Cin Hau pen Tedim khua Khan Lian leh Cing Zam’ tapa hi a, 1859 kumin suak a, 1948 Dec. 28 ni-in Mualbem khua-ah si hi. Zolai zong phuan ahih manin “Laipian Biakna” zong kici thei hi.

3. Khristian Biakna:
(a) American Baptist Pawlpi : Zogam Lai Siangtho thu hong puak masa pen American Baptist Pawlpi hi. March 15, 1849 kumin Rev. A. `Carson-te nupa Zogam tung hi. March 21, 1902 ciangin zato siam Dr. H. East-te nupa Zogam hong tung uh hi. Missionary masa pen Rev. A. Carson April 1, 1908 kum a sih ciangin Dec. 21, 1908 ciangin Dr. J.H. Cope te nupa hong tung hi. Dr. East pen a gam tawh kituak lo-a dam thei lo ahih manin sawt om loin America ciah kik pah a, a laih dingin zato Dr. J.G. Woodin te nupa Nov. 11, 1910 ciangin hong tung uh hi. Dr. Woodin te 1915 kumin Bhamo-an kisuan uh ahih manin Zogam nasem dingin Dr. C.V. Strait te nupa Oct. 2, 1925 ni-in hong tung uh hi. June 11, 1938 ni-in Dr. Cope a sih ciangin Dr. F.O. Nelson-te 1940 kumin hong tung uh hi. A nunung penin Rev. R.G. Johnson-te nupa February 2, 1946 ni-in hong pai uh a, 1966 kumin ciah kik uh hi. Amau nupa pen American Baptist Missionary Zogam pan a ciah nunung pen ahi uh hi. Hi banginZogam ah Khristian Pawlpi hong kipan a, 1940 kumin R.C.M. Pawlpi, 1948 ciangin S.D.A. Pawlpi hong tung uh a, tu ciangin Khristian Pawlpi tuamtuam tampi Zogam ah piang hi.

(b) Khristian Khantohna: Zogam ah tui kiphum masa pen Thuam Hang leh Pau Suan hi a, April 4, 1904 ni-in Rev. Carson in tuiphum hi. Missionary-te leh Zomi Khristian masate in haksatna tampi tawh na hong sep ciangun hi bang tuiphum mihing khan’tohna kimu hi:

1915 – 150
1930 – 1,591
1940 – 5,514
1950 – 19,655
1960 – 37,705
1970 – kithei lo
1980 – 69,191
Hih pen Zomi Baptist Convention (ZBC) ciaptehna bangin tuiphum sa teng bek hi a, Pawl huam milip hi lo hi. Tua ciangin ZBC pen Zogam sung bek hi lo Kale Valley, Tamu Valley leh Upper Chindwin sung Zomi Baptist kipawlna ahih manin Zogam sung Baptist Pawlpi ahi lo Khristian Pawlpi dangte tawh kigawm lai leh Zogam bup Khristian pha zah pen kithei pan ding hi.

(c) ZBC Tangthu Tawm: Zogam Khristiante pen tawm lai ahih manin 1905 a kipanin pawlpi khat bangin vai pai lai uh hi. 1948 ciangin Tiddim, Falam leh Haka ci-in Association 3 kisuah uh hi. 1953 ciangin hih Association thum tengin Zomi Baptist Convention ci-in kipawl khopna phuan uh hi. Tu ciangin ZBC pen Association tuamtuam 14 kipawlna hi a, Zogam sung Baptist bek hi loin a kiima Zomi Baptist te zong kipawl uh a, Tiddim, Falam, Haka, Kale Valley, Tamu Valley, Kalemyo, Thantlang, Matu, Tonzang, Kuki, Siyin, Zo, Thado leh Zotung ci-in Pasian nasep khopna hi. Tu-in ZBC pen Burma Baptist Convention sungah Karen zomin Convention thahat pen a nihna ahi hi. ZBC General Secretary masa pen Sia Hau Go hi a, tu laitak a sem pen sia Hrang Tin Khum hi. ZBC in Kawlgam bup BBC sungah pan mun a tuamtuam len ngei a, tu laitak BBC President zong Zomi Sia Tial Dum ahi hi.

Lai Thu
I gen sa bangin Tedim gam panin Pau Cin Hau in lai bawlin Zomite pen lai nei minam khat suak hi. Tua lai pen a tungin laimal 1053 bang hi. Tua pen kipuah phain laimal 37 kisuak sak hi. Hih laimal tawh biakna thu, tangthu leh late kikhumin Tedim gam bek hi loin Manipur gam dong kizang ngei hi. Hih Zolai tawh 1931 kumin British and Foreign Bible Society kici Lai Siangtho Khen Pawlpi in zong Mualtung Thuhilhna teng bu 500 khen ngei uh hi. (Tua Laibu pen India Bible Society in London Bible Society tung panin ngah ding a hanciam laitak hi). Kumpi lam panin Census of India, 1931 Volume XI; Part 1 laimai 194-5 sungah “Pau Cin Hau Script” ci-in kikhum hi. 1917 kuma Zomi French gam paite in hih Zolai zangin inn lamte tawh lai kikhak thei uh hi. Tu-a a kizang Mikang laimal bang loin Zopau pen hih Zolai tawh a awsuah a man lianlianin kigelh thei hi, kici hi. Tangthu a kigen savun tunga kigelh lai, uipi in a nek mang bang hi nawn lo ahih ciangin hih lai pen Zogam in a ngaihsut phat mahmah dingin kilawm hi.

Mikang laimal tawh 1915 Dr. Cope in Mattiu bu Tedim pau-a a khet pen Zogama laibu kibawl masa pen hi. 1932 kumin Thuciam Thak bu kikhen a, 1977 ciangin Lai Siangtho buppi kikhen hi. 1932 kuma kikhen Thuciam Thak bu pen Zogam ah muh ding om nawn lo hi. Burma Bible Society ah bu khat kikhen hi ci-in Sia Kam Khaw Thang in gen a, London University library ah bu khat mah om hi ci-in “Tiddim Chin” kici laibu bawl Prof. Henderson in gen hi.

Haka pau tawh 1920 kumin Lungdamna Thute leh Sawltakte Tangthu a kikhet cil kum hi a, 1940 in Thuciam Thak bu kikhen a, 1933 kumin Lai Siangtho bupi kikhen a, Falam tawh 1933 kumin Lungdamna Thu bute, 1937 kumin Thuciam Thak kikhen a, Lai Siangtho buppi pen a kibawl laitak hi. Zotung leh Ngawn pau tawh zong Lai Siangtho bu nono kibawl hi.
Sang laibu tawh kisai-in Dr. Cope in Tedim, Falam leh Haka pau tawh Class IV dong 1925 in na bawl khin hi. Dr. Cope in missionary ahih hangin Kumpi ah Sang Mang (Inspector-of-Schools – Chin Hills), na sem ahih manin Sang Mang a sem lo missionary te nangawn tu dongin “Sang Mang” kicihlawh hi.

Ni dang lai-in Zogam ah kikawmna haksa-a, khua muhna lah toi ahih ciangin gam khat leh nam khat ahih hangun kampau tuamtuam na piang hi. Tu hun leuleu ciangin kikawmna kiphakna tam, pilna siamna zong khang ahih manin khat leh khat pau leh ham kitheihna zong khang hi.

Minam Min

Tu-a hih lai gelhna sung ah kizang mah bangin Zomi leh Zogam cih pen a tunga kipanin a kizang tawntung hi a, Mikangte leh a pualam mi nam dangte in Chin leh Chin Hills ci-in ciamteh uh hi. Tedim gam pana lal Aizawl gam leh Manipur gam a tung mi pawl khatte i kilawh i kisapna khat Paite kici Zogam gen loh Tedim gamsung mahmah a zong a kizat loh pen mi tam pi-in lamdang sa in a hang kithei nuam ciat kha ding hi. Tua tawh kisai-in Census of India 1931, Vol. XI, Part 1, laimai 184 sungah: gamsung minam ciaptehna sungah Paite cih pen kiphiat hi. Bang hang hiam cih leh Zogam Mangpi (Deputy Commissioner of Chin Hills) in a genna ah Paite cih min pen Falam gam mite in Zogam sak lam (Northern Chin Hills) a teeng Zomite pen Thahdo hitaleh Zote hitaleh, Sukte hitaleh mi namte a cihna uh kampau hi a, amau minam min, amau kilawhna min hi lo hi ci hi.

Thukhupna

Zogam tangthu, Pawlpi tangthu leh minam tangthu cih bang a kicinga gelhna laibu omlo a, a om sunte zong Mikangte gelh ahih manin ei theih nop leh deih lam thu tuang kim lo hi. Missionary te hong paina thu a kigelhna laibu thum ka et leh a ni a kha a tuam ciatin kikhum a, Rev. Nelson hong tun ni leh kha a kikhumna om lo hi.Zogam sazian (statistics) a kikan hangin kingah zo lo hi. Zogam lai sim thei en thei (Literacy percentage) ahi zongin, Kawlgam bupa Zomi pha zah ahi zongin a thei om lo hi. I gam i lei sazian thei kei leeng a khang a kiam i hih bangci kitheih ding hiam? Tua ahih manin 1981 gambup kisimna (census) pen lim taka theih sawm ding ahi hi. Mai lam hunah thu a kicing zaw a kan, a gelh hong om pah ding lamen hang. Bang hang hiam cih leh Pasian in a bawl sa na khat peupeuh kep loh don loin a mawkna in nusia ngei lo hi. Leitung leh a bawl sa na khempeuh a uk ding, a keem dingin mihing bawl hi. A bawl sa Eden huan a keem ding a hah ding, a puah dingin mipa koih hi. Tua ahih ciangin minamte Topa ahi Pasian in a bawlsa, a piansak Zomite leh Zogam zong Ama deihna tawh kituakin, Ama vangliatna dingin a keem ding, a cing ding, a zun ding mipa koih peuhmah ding hi. Tua mipa pen nang leh kei hi hang.
src; By Rev Khup Za Go (Lungdamna Aw, Lom 5 Hawm 11 leh 12, Nov-Dec. 1980, laimai 1, Lom 6, Hawm 1 January 1981 laimai 1 pan a kiteikhia)

ZO KHANG TANGTHU

(Chin, Zomi leh Ciimnuai-mi)
 
By, MNcinpu (BA; M.Div)
       Suangphei Khua.

Zomi

Pupi ‘Zo’ ii suan leh khak khempeuh Zomi ahi hi.  Pupi pen Noah suan Sem, Ham, Japhet-te lakah Japhet suan hi dingin ki-ummawh hi. Sengam ah ukpi (dynasty) a hunhunin kilaih hi. (2205-1766 BC Xia dynasty) Xia kumpi ukna hun hi-in, (1766-1122 Shang dynasty) Shang kumpi ukna hun hi a, (1123-256 BC Zhou or Zo dynasty) Zo ukna hun ahi hi.

Shang ukpipa in khua kimah hausa upa koih lo ahih manin Zomite in baihtakin a ukna sutkhia zo hi, kici hi. Zo ukna hun ciangin khua kim ah upa, hausa koih ahih manin Sengam ah Zo uk hun sung pen a sawt pen hun suak hi.  Hih Zo uk hun sungin mipil (philosopher) khankhiat hun hi-in hih hun a mipil minthang philosopher ahi, Confucius (Kung-fu-tze, 511-475 BC) in, hun sung tengin innkuan nuntak, beh leh phung kizopzia leh sahawm zia cihte a kipan hilhin sinsak a, tua ahilh ziate tu dongin  Sente in zang lai-in, Zomite in zong zang uh hi. Zomi ih cih ciangin leitung bupa om Pupi Zo suan khempeuh kihel in, Zogam, Zo leitang pen kumpi te’n Chin State ci-a hong ciapteh sakna gamhuam teng ahi hi.
 
Chin Mi

Zo kumpite in a uk lai-un Sengam khen sagihin kikhen hi. Tuate in Han, Chou, Wei, Chow, Yeu, Chi leh Chin ahi hi. Hih gamte Zo kumpi in uk-in siah (tax) tam la lua ahih manin mite lungkim lo hi.  Chin mite makai Yen Cheng a kici mitha hat khat hong khang in hipa in ( 230 BC pawl in) gamkhat khit gamkhat simin zo a, 221 BC ciangin tua gam sagih teng a uk khin hi. Yen Cheng in a kumpi gam mi “Chin Shi Huang Ti” a phuak hi. “Chin” kham cihna hi-a, “Shi” cih pen a masa pen ahih kei leh khatna cihna hi a, “Huang Ti” cih pen Milian cihna hi. Tua hi a, Milian masa khamkumpi cihna ahi hi. Hih hun pen a masa pen Chin Kumpi hun ahi hi. Hih Chin mite in tu dongin Sengam ah tengin uk suak uh hi. Hih a makaipa Yen Cheng in 256-206 BC sung teng uk hi. Tua khit ciangin Sen kumpi kizom toto a, tu dong in kizomsuak hi.
     

Sen i cih kammal pen Sente’ min bulpi “Chine” – “Chin-qin” pan a hong piang khia ahi hi. (Zaide 42)  Tua mite ukna zabi 20 dong kizom suak hi (Perry 252 Pa).  Hih laibute tungtawnin i et ciangin “Chin” a kici Sen mite tu dong Sengam ah teng suak uh a, mundang koi mah ah paikhia lo uh hi.  Tua kumpi ukna a kipat tung vua kipan kulhpi (Great Wall) lam kipan uh hi. Tua kulhpi tai 1500 sau-in, tu dongin thupi kisa mahmah hi. Shangyong kici upadi khauhtak bawlin thu zui lo mite thong ah khum uh hi.
 
Zomite Kawlgam Sung Lutna

Chin ukna hun sungin Kulhpi (Great Wall) ciang dingin mi khempeuh na semsakin, nek leh dawn thaman ginna pia lo a hih manin mi tampitak Sengam panin taikhia uh hi.  Tuate sungah a dangte enlo-in Kawlgam a zuanteng tom et pak le hang, Kawlgam ah Karen-te na lut masa uh hi.  Tua khit teh ‘Chin’ kici Sente pawlkhat, tua teh Kawlmi, Zomite leh  KaChin mite ahi uh hi.

Karen mite Kawlgam tawlam ah tengin, Kawlmite Kawlgam laizang Mandalay kim ah teng uh a, hih Chin a kici Sen minamte Kawlte tawh tengkhawm in Kawlmi suak uh hi. Zomite Kawlgam a lutun Zo gunpi (Tuikang) dungzui suk uh a, Mandalay a tun’ uh ciangin Kawlte in Chin mite sa uh a, Sengam panin kulh ciang nuam lo-a taikhia-te Chin ukpi pa in hong delhsak kik hi ding hi, ci-in lau mahmah uh hi. Zomite pen Chinte ahih loh lam a theih uh ciangin Mandalay Kulh ciang dingin zawn uh a, Kawlte in kua minam cih tel lo uh ahih manin Chin-te cisuak uh hi. Kulh ciang-a sila nasep ding ut lo uh ahih manin Kawlgam laizang panin nitumna-lam manawhin peemkhia uh a, pawl khat Gunkhawm dung zui-in paito suak uh a, Kachin mite a tuaksuk tawh kituak in, Kachinte zong kulh ciang ding ut lo ahih manin kileh kik-in kimasuan to uh a, Kachin gamteng ah teng suak uh hi. 
 
Kawlgam Laizang Kuam pan Zomite Tangthu Pawl Khat

Zomite pen Kawlgam laizang tengah tawlpi khat mah Kawlte tawh na tengkhawm uh a, hih hun in Mon, Pyu, Kanyan lehThet minamte tengkhawm uh hi, kici hi. Pyu panin Kawlmi nam piangin, Kanyan panin Rakhaing, Thet panin Chin minam piang hi ci-in tangthu kan pawlkhatte in ciamteh uh hi. Hih hun pekin midangte in Zomite pen Chin ci uh a, tu-in kum 800 bang val khinta hi. Ahi zongin amau leh amau tudongin Chin minam, kici ngei lo uh hi. Pagan khuapi zong Zomite pau “Pugam” cih panin pai hi kici hi. Popa tawngkalat (volcanic neck) zong Tazahgam mual/tong ahih kei leh Pupa mual/tong kici hi. Gamtong i cih ciangin gam sungah khaniinte mihing pau bangin tong/pau in a gamlum theihna mun ahi hi. Tua bek hi lo-in Kawlte in a sum uh Dengga a cih zong Zokam-a dangka pan-a pai hizaw hi, kici hi. Pagan khuapi phuh hun pen AD 1044-1287 kimpawl hi-in, tua mun-a mualsuangte ah Zomite Chin mahin kiciamteh hi.  Dahpa tangthu zong hih mun pan piang hi, kici hi. Pagan Popa panin nitumna saklam zuanin pai khia uh a, Sagaing gam kim teng ah sawtsim mah khawl  in tua mun panin “Lengtong Hoih” tangthu piang hi kici hi.  Hih Sagaing leh Ava kikal Sibani khua nai teng ah Zomite tawh kisai, inn mun logam leh vanzat lui (Ancient relics) tampitak tuni dongin kikan thei lai hi, (ci-in Tedim Sangpi Golden Jubilee Magazine, laimai 204-na ah Ngulh Khaw Suan in gelh hi).

      Hih a paitosuak lo Zomite Mungzua (Monywa) leh Gunkhawm (Kalewa) kikal tengah tengin “Khawhkhen” na ci uh hi. Tua mun pan Gunkhawm kantan in pai uh a, tu laitak a (Kalay-valley leh Kabaw valley) teng na tung uh-a, Kawlzang (Khawlzang?) na ci uh hi. Hih Khawlzang a lut hun pen AD 800 kimpawl hita hi (ci in Tedim Sangpi Golden Jubilee Magazine, laimai 322 na ah Dr.Khen Za Sian in gelh hi). Zomite pen Gunkhawm gundung teng leh Kawlzang kilak kuam teng ah teng masa uh ahih manin Kawlte in a mau ciapteh na Chin min puasakin Zomite ten’na gamsung-a om Gun cihna in Chin dwin/ csif;wGif; na ci uh a, Zo Gunpi cihna ahi hi.
 
Bang Hang Zomite Chin Kici?
 
Kawlte in Sengam-a Chin Mite Sa

Chin i cihte pen tu dongin Sengam ah teng uh a, Zomi hilo uh hi.  Zo cih pen a min diktaktak  ahi hi.  Chin min a puakna uh pen, Kawlgam laizang a tun ciangin Kawlte in, a maute Sengam panin a nawhkhiatte uh sa ahih manin “Chin ten hong delh uh” ci-in na lau uh hi. Tua panin Chin a kicisuak  ahi hi. Tu dongin Zomi cih sangin Chin in kiciamtehzaw hi.
 
Chin Kici pen Kawlkam “Tu-nge-Chin” pan Paisuak

Professor Luce in Chin kici kammal pen Kawlte in lawm a cihna (Tu-nge-Chin / oli,fcsif;) pan hong piang hi,  ci hi. (Ref. Chin Hills Linguistic Tour, Laibu, laimai-26.)
 
Chin pen “Cin Hil” pan Kizomsuak
            

Zo khang kante in i pupi Zo hi a, tapa nih nei in Kip Mang leh a nau Cin Hil hi, ci uh hi. Tua ahih manin sangmang J. H. Cope in Zomite Chin a kicih pen a pu uh Cin Hil hi a, Mikang khan ciangin Chin Hills ci-in a gammin in a koih hi, cih thu khamtung thu kizakna a bawlna sungah gelh hi.
 
 
Chin pen Kawlkam hi-a Bawm, Cihna hi.

Dr. Lehman in Chin cih kammal pen Kawlpau hi a, “Bawm” cihna hi. Kawlgam laizang ah a om lai-in bawm-in van ki-pua ahih manin, Kawlte in “Hei! bawm puapa” ci-a a sapna panin kizomsuak hi, ci hi.

5.      Jin, Yen pan Chin min piang hi.

Zogam a om Zomi te thu agelh Carey leh Tuck in Zomi te, Chin a kicih pen Senpau in Mihing/Pasal cihna ahi, Jin/Yen kici kammal te pan piang hi ding hi, ci uh hi.
 
Bang Hang Zomite Chin Hong Kici Thukhupna

Hih a tunga nam li-te sung panin a masapen mah maanpen ding hi.  Bangbang ahi zongin Chin pen Zo minam min hi lo hi, cih kitel mahmah hi. Pawl khatte in Sengam (Chin dynasty) Chin ukpi suante hi hang ci-in tangthu gelh om napi-in a gelhte naleng in Chin mi ka hi uh hi a ci khat beek om lo hi. Chin cih pen a pupi uh’ min hi leh Zomite sungah nam khat beek in Chin minamte ka hi uh hi, ci leh kilawm hi. Chin, a kici minam kuamah om lo hi. Tua hi a, Zomi pen minam min maantaktak ahihna thu kitel mahmah hi.

Tedim gam Khangthu Kan Kawmiti in CHIN  leh ZO thu a thukzaw-a a kantel khit uh ciangin, ZO hi hang, cihna in a zawh khit banah leitunga pilna sang nei tampi mah in ZOMI na hi uh hi, hong cihna thukho, thupicing hi ci-in kisang a, ZO hihna thu kakipsak zawsem uh hi, ci in (Gamngai Magazine, Laimai 229 ah) Khuadaite Dr. Ps Kham Do Nang in gelh hi.
 
Ciimnuai Mi

Ciimnuai cih pen Zomite Zogam sung a lut ciangin a tun’ masakna mun min ahi hi. Ciimnuai mi i cih ciangin Ciimnuai panin a peemkhiate’ suan leh khak khempeuh huam a, Ciimnuai mi, Ciimnuai vontawi te a hi uh hi. Zomi a kici khempeuh Ciimnuai mi hi khin lo hi.  Kawlzang pan khamtung zuanin Zomite a pai uh ciangin tonkhawm nawn loin kikhen thang uh a, pawl khat in Zogun dung zuito hi.  Tuate in Locom lam zuanin pai uh a, Lailun khul ah teng uh hi.  Tua pan gamhoih zuanin kikhen leuleu uh a, Falam, Hakha, Matupi leh Thantlang gamteng ah teng uh hi.  Pawl khatte Zogam leitaw lam zuanin paisuk lai uh a, Paletwa, Kanpetlet dong ah teng uh hi.  Hih “Lailun Khul” a tung masate  in a luzangah  tuktum uh ahih manin, lusuangte kici a, a tun masak na min pua-in amau leh amau “Lai-mi” kici uh hi.  Hih Lailun Khul pen Falam Khua gei Sunthla khuataw-lam teng ahi hi.

Pawl khatte in Tuikang gundung nitumna lam zui-in Tuingo lui a phak uh ciangin Tuingo dungzui uh hi.  Zangpi tam a tun uh ciangin Ngatan lui dung zui-in Ciimnuai Khul ah tung uh hi.  A dang pawl khatte Thuamvum pan in nitumna lamah tuaksukin Sialtang lui zuan in kahto uh a, Ciimnuai Khul mah tung uh hi.  Hih Ciimnuai a tung masa Zomi te deklam tuktum pawl hi a, Ciimnuai vontawi ahih kei leh a pupi Zo min pua-in ZOMI a kici ngiatte a hi uh hi.

Hih Ciimnuai kici mun pen Tedim pan Saizang lam zuan-in pai leng, Saizang khua tunma deuh mual kidawh iuh-euhna mun nuai deuh, mualnuai dang teng ahi hi. Tua munteng Sihzangte in Eden huan, mihing piankhiatna bangin ngaihsun uh hi, ci-in, Carey Tuck in        The Chin Hills laibu sungah gelh hi, kici hi.
 
 
Ciimnuai pan mun tuamtuam ah
     

Tualgal tuamtuam hang leh nuntak nopzawkna ding zongin Zomite ciaugal kai-in kimkhat Bangladesh gamdong tung uh hi. Pawl khatte in paipai in sau pai lua uh ahih manin amin uh mangngilh in “paite” na kici uh hi.  Tua mite Manipur Lamka kimteng ah tam teng pen uh hi.  Tua bang a paito pawlkhatte in amau’ phung min kengin Thahdote na kici uh a, Manipur gam sung mah ah tamteng pen uh hi.  Ciau gal a kaite a tam pen Mizo in na kilo uh hi.  Bangbangin a kilo zongin Ciimnuai pana peemkhia khempeuh ZOMI, Ciimnuai vontawi, unau sanggam laizom khat ahi hi.

Ciimnuai pan peemkhia, unau laizom khat tektek, bang hangin  pau leh ham kibang lo hiam cih thu, minam i kikhenna zia tawm kikumsuk dih ni.

eel leh sa, gamtat zia utdan a kibat loh pen lam dang sak ding hi lo hi. Lai Siangtho sungah Kai leh Abel-te zong numei masa pen Eve sungpan suak tektek, gamtatzia a utdan uh kilamdang pah lian hi.  Esau leh Jacob unau a peeng hi napi’n, a vun uh a ham leh a nel in kilamdang hi. Tu laitak leitung mi khempeuh Noah suan vive hi napi-in Pasian in Babel tausang a lamna hangin mi khempeuh pau kitukalhsak hi cih i theihsa ahi hi.  Tua hangin leitung ah kampau  nam atul-a simin kilamdang hi.  Zomite zong Ciimnuai ciangah kampau aw-kaih kibang lai hi napi-in a kikhen ciangun mun leh gam zui-in a aw-kaih leh kammal pawl khat a kilamdang ahi hi.  Tuate pawl khat a tomin en pak leng:
 
1. Zote ih cih “ii-aw” kammal a zang pawl: Zo cih pen Zomi khempeuh in mun, mualdawnlam genna-a a zat kammal ahi hi.  Simlam, cih ciangin lui tawh kinai-na lam, tuitaw lam genna hi a, ni sa-in khua lum hi.  Zo lam pen khua vot hi. Ciimnuai pan kimkhat Balzang ah tengto uh a, tua hun lai-in Tedim gamsung khua om khempeuh lakah a votpenna mun ahih manin, a dang teng in Zo lam-a tengte a cihna un Zote na ci uh a, tuate suan leh khak teng Zote kicisuak hi.   Pawlkhatte in Zomite pupi Zo i suan leh khak deuh dingin ngaihsun khial kha uh hi. (ci in Rev.G.K Dal in Tedim BEHS No.1 Golden Jubilee Magazine laimai 309 na ah gelh hi).

Zomite pupi Zo khang pen 1123-256 BC hun lai pek hi-in, hih minam neu tuamtuam-a    a kikhen pen Zomite Ciimnuai a tunkhit,  AD 1500 kum khit ciang hi pan hi.  Tua ahih manin Ko pupi Zo tawh khanggui kizom deuh ung, a ci thei ding kuamah  om tuam lo ahih manin Ciimnuai pan-a a peemkhia khempeuh laigui khat ahi hi.  Tu-a Zo kampau deuhte  a pupi uh pen Suan Tak ahi hi.  Pu Za Hung in tapa nih (Sek Tak leh Suan Tak) nei in, Pu Sek Tak tapa Thahdo hi-a, Pu Suan Tak sungpan Sihzang leh Zote khempeuh banah, Pu Suan Tak suan mitampi, Thahdo te sungah om ahih manun, Thahdo, Zote, leh Sihzang te Unau phungsung khat ahi uhi (ci in Dr.Ps. Kham Do Nang in Gamgai 21st Thanksgiving Magazine laimai 233 na ah gelh hi).
 
2. Teizang kampau pawl: Pawi gal (Vaipi gal) a tun ciangin Ciimmnuai pan Luika khua sat uh a, Luika khua a siam Gulpi in vok, ui leh naupang peuh ne thei zel a hih manin, tua gulpi a thah uh ciangin Luika khua kicim gawp a, tua mun panin Teising honkhat a pona leizang mun khat ah kisuan uh a hih manin Teizangte kici hi.  Tua mun pen tulaitak-a Mualbem khuataw teng ahi hi.  Hih khua asat hun pen AD 1500-1600 khawng teng hi ding in ki-um mawh hi.  Penglam zong Teizang pau in kipau-sak hi, ci-in Dr. Ps Kham Do Nang in (Gamngai Magazine laimai 231 ah) gelh hi.  Hih Teizang khua pan a sawtlei loin Mualbem khua satin kituah leuleu uh a, Mualbeem khua pen Sukte khuapi, ci-in kiciamteh hi.  Hih khua panin Zomi mipil milian tampi khangkhia hi.  1892 kum in Tonzang ukpi  Hau Cin Khup (Ukpi a suah ma), Teizang pau a siamna dingin Mualbeem khua ah kikoih hi, kici hi.

3. Saizang kampau pawl: Ciimnuai khua pan saigam (gamsai) tam mahmahna luita dung mun khat-a teng phei pawl teng, Saizangte kici pah hi.  Nam min hi loin, khua min hizaw hi.

4. Sihzang kampau pawl: Saizang khua, tulaitak a khuataw lam nekpian ah tui limci mahmah sihtui khuk khat om a, tua kim-a teng teng zong Sihzangte mah kici leuleu hi.

5. Vangteh kampau pawl:  Mangkang Galkap General Founce leh Major Raike makai-in 1889 March 09 ni-in Siallum kulhpi sim gawp uh hi.  Tua ni mahin Vangteh khua mi khat in inn lam in inn vang a tehteh laitak Mangkangte in Mangpau tawh na khua min uh bang a hia? a cih leh nasep a dong sa in ‘innvang ka teh’ a cih leh Mangkangpa in a dalzazi bu sungah “Vangkateh khua” ci-in ciamteh pah hi.

6. Diim kampau pawl: Tu laitak-a Diimpi khuataw teng ah AD1500 kum kim pawlin cikdumpi buan leh tui a kidim khat om a, tua pen a tomin Diim ci uh a, tua lai-a teng mite Diimte kici suak hi.  Hih mun teng pen a minthang ngei khat ahi hi.  Tua kim tengah “Keei tui” kici, dawn kha leng sahang nam a kisuak thei tui khuk khat zong om in tua tui pen Mangkangte hong khan ciangin leivuk cip uh hi, kici hi.

7. Khuano kampau pawl:  Teizangte Hau Cin Khup in a pano Do Thawng’  nek dingin siah kaihna ding khua kimkhat pia hi.  Do Thawng in khual a zin’ ding sialin a gamh luah dingpa Pau Khua Mang in, kaw’ pai ding ci-a a dot sialin ‘Khuano kual ah’ ci den ahih manin tua kimteng Khuano Kual kici suak hi.  Tua khuate pen Dimpi, Dimlo, Suangpi, Phunom, Thangnuai, Taakkhawl, cih bang . . . khua sawm-le-thum pha uh hi.

8. Tedim kampau pawl: 1857 kumin Lushai gal leh Meitei gal a ven’ ciangin Tedim khuapi ah Zo, Vaiphei, Teizang, Diim, Thahdo, Gangte, Sihzang, . . . kiptak in tengkhawm uh a, inn 300 val bang a phak uh ciangin, ki-ukna zong haksa pian cipcip ahih manin tua teng kigawm-in, khua laizang lamdung- a Khangnote’n a zat uh kampau (kihelzau) pen 1860 kum ciangin Kam Hau Thukhun’(Regulation) 27 teng leh Tedimkam, ci-in kipsak uh hi.  Tua a kihelzau kampau a zangteng Tedim-kampau ci uh a, 1919 kum ciangin J. H. Cope topa in Zolai Sim Bu a bawlsak ciangin hih Tedim Uk sunga kam tuamtuam apau khua khempeuh tawh thukimna om bangin Tedim kam-in bawl a, a khua-nung ciangin‘T -Tedim pau, eimau pau’ ci-in  Zolai sinna-in kinei hi.
 
Thukhupna

      Pupi Zo suan leh Ciimnuai vontawi ahi khempeuh sim leh zo, tuipi galkhat dongah a  kikhen zongin laigui zom khat, puan khat zawngkhawmte a hihlam mangngilh ding hi lo hi. A kibat lohna neucik a omte sutlo zawin, a kibatnate uh gawmkhawm a, a minam uh leh a gam uh --Zogam, Zolei zun khawm diamdiam ding hizaw hi.  Ngeina, kampau, leh laite kemin, zangin, zun khawm diamdiam thei leh, Zogam a pal lun semsem ding hi.

      Hih i  gelh Zo Khangthu  tung tawnin Zomite unau laizom i hihlam tel in hong kipum khatsak semsem ding hi,  ci-in ka lam-en hi.  Pasian in Zomite’ thupha ahi dingin hih lai asim mi khempeuh Thupha hong pia ta hen.  Amen ! 
 
 
 
Et kak laibu te (Bibliography)

C. Thang Za Tuan. “Zomi te Pusuah Cilna, Khanlawhna Leh Khantohna,” Tedim   BEHS No.1 Sangpi Golden Jubilee Magazine. eds. H.Gin En Cin leh adangdangte. Yangon: MBC press, 1999.
C. Thang Za Tuan (Prof. Ph.D), Advisor of ZBCM, Lecture hand out given in Tamu ZBCM Youth Conference, in May 2004.
Cin Za Nang, Cin Sian Pau leh alawmte. “Zomite Pianna Thu,” Sezang Khua Kum 100 Cin Magazine,2004.
G. K. Dal. “Ciimnuai Mi, Tedim Mi,” Tedim BEHS No.1 Sangpi Golden Jubilee Magazine. eds. H.Gin En Cin leh adangdangte.  Yangon: MBC press,1999.
Hau Khan Langh.  Suangphei Khua Hualnam Beh Kipawlna Laibu. 2008.
Khen Za Sian.  “I Pu I Pate’ Sul,” Tedim BEHS No.1 Sangpi Golden Jubilee Magazine, eds. H.Gin En Cin leh adangdangte. Yangon: MBC press,1999.
Ngulh Khaw Suan. “Etlawm Mualkuam Zogam Nuam,” Tedim BEHS No.1 Sangpi Golden Jubilee Magazine. eds. H.Gin En Cin leh adangdangte. Yangon: MBC press, 1999.
Ps Kham Do Nang. “Zo Khang Tangthu,” Gamngai 21st Century Thanksgiving Magazine. ed. Cin Khen Mang. Yangon: Hebron Printing Press, 2008.
Tuan Khaw Kham. “Zomi Tawh Kisai Theihhuai Thu Tuamtuam,” Tedim BEHS No.1 Sangpi Golden Jubilee Magazine .eds.  H.Gin En Cin leh adangdangte. Yangon: MBC press, 1999.
Vum Lian Thang.  “Ciimnuai Pana Tedim Mite,” Tedim BEHS No.1 Sangpi Golden Jubilee Magazine.  eds.  H.Gin En Cin leh adangdangte. Yangon: MBC press, 1999.